Which pathophysiological conditions may result from coronary artery disease (CAD)? Select all that apply.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis, which can lead to several pathophysiological conditions.

Vasoconstriction can indeed be a relevant factor in the context of CAD. When coronary arteries are affected by atherosclerotic plaques, the vascular endothelium can respond abnormally. This response may include increased vasoconstriction, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, particularly during periods of increased demand or stress. Thus, vasoconstriction can contribute to ischemic conditions as the heart may not receive adequate blood supply when needed.

Weakened cardiac muscle, a condition that can also arise from CAD, occurs when the heart muscle is deprived of oxygen-rich blood over time, leading to damage or dysfunction, which is not addressed by the selected answer.

Inadequate ventilation and perfusion is more specifically related to pulmonary conditions rather than direct effects of CAD, although myocardial ischemia can impact overall cardiovascular function.

Thrombus formation is a critical aspect related to CAD, as rupture of atherosclerotic plaques can lead to acute thrombus formation, causing blockages that could trigger acute coronary syndromes, yet this option was not