Which of the following complications is commonly associated with chronic kidney disease?

Hyperkalemia is indeed a common complication associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). As kidney function declines, the ability of the kidneys to excrete potassium diminishes. This impaired excretion leads to an accumulation of potassium in the blood, resulting in hyperkalemia. Elevated potassium levels can have serious implications, including cardiac arrhythmias, which require careful management in patients with CKD.

Severe respiratory acidosis is more commonly associated with respiratory conditions rather than kidney disease. Increased erythropoietin levels generally do not occur in CKD; in fact, they decrease due to the kidneys' inability to produce sufficient erythropoietin, leading to anemia. Metabolic alkalosis is not a typical complication of chronic kidney disease; rather, metabolic acidosis is more frequently noted due to the accumulation of acids in the body as the kidneys fail to clear them effectively.